Propionic acid (CAS 79-09-4), also called propanoic acid, is a short-chain carboxylic acid widely used in food preservation, feed additives, chemical synthesis, and industrial applications.
It is a colorless, oily liquid, moderately toxic, corrosive. Flammable when exposed to heat, flame or oxidizers.
Physical Properties of Propionic Acid
| Property | Specification / Value |
|---|---|
| Chemical Name | Propionic Acid / Propanoic Acid |
| CAS Number | 79-09-4 |
| Molecular Formula | C₃H₆O₂ |
| Molecular Weight | 74.08 g/mol |
| Appearance | Colorless, transparent liquid |
| Odor | Strong, pungent, slightly rancid |
| Density (20°C) | ~0.993 g/cm³ |
| Melting Point | −20°C |
| Boiling Point | ~141°C |
| Flash Point | 54°C (closed cup) |
| Solubility | Miscible with water, ethanol, ether, chloroform |
| pKa (Acidity) | 4.87 |
| Refractive Index (20°C) | 1.394 |
| Viscosity (20°C) | 1.23 mPa·s |
| Purity | Typically 99–99.5% |
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