Does propionic acid (CAS 79-09-4) dissolve in water?
Propanoic acid is highly soluble in polar solvents like water, ethanol, and ether. At room temperature, it can mix completely with water due to the presence of its carboxyl group, which forms hydrogen bonds with water molecules.
What are the properties of propionic acid (CAS 79-09-4)?
Water soluble. Dilution with water causes release of heat. Propionic acid is a colorless, oily liquid, moderately toxic, corrosive. Flammable when exposed to heat, flame or oxidizers.
| Item | Specification / Description |
|---|---|
| Chemical Name | Propionic Acid / Propanoic Acid |
| CAS Number | 79-09-4 |
| Molecular Formula | C₃H₆O₂ |
| Molecular Weight | 74.08 g/mol |
| Appearance | Colorless, transparent liquid |
| Odor | Strong, pungent, slightly rancid |
| Density (20°C) | ~0.993 g/cm³ |
| Boiling Point | ~141°C |
| Melting Point | −20°C |
| Flash Point | 54°C (closed cup) |
| Solubility | Miscible with water, ethanol, ether, chloroform |
| Acidity (pKa) | 4.87 |
| Stability | Stable under normal storage; reacts with strong oxidizers |
| Purity Grade (Common) | 99%–99.5% food grade / feed grade |
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use of propionic acid
- Solvents, plasticizers, chemical reagents, and ingredients for food preparation used as esterification agents.
- Used as food preservatives and anti-mold agents.
- Also serves as an inhibitor for medium-viscosity substances like beer. Used as a plasticizer.
- Additionally employed in the preparation of nickel plating solutions, food flavorings, and the manufacture of pharmaceuticals, pesticides, and anti-mold agents.
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