Introduction
Tungsten, is a strong metal belonging to group 6 of the periodic table. Known for its extraordinary strength, tungsten is used primarily in applications such as lamp filaments and as an alloying agent to increase the hardness and strength of steel. Tungsten is the heaviest of the metals with biological effects, and certain microorganisms use it to convert carboxylic acids into aldehydes.
At room temperature, tungsten is a solid, lustrous, off-white metal. Of all the metals, tungsten has the highest melting point and very low vapor pressure. Tungsten is highly resistant to corrosion and most mineral acids have a limited effect on it. Extraction of tungsten from ore requires a series of chemical processes to separate the element from natural rock formations.
What is tungsten used for?
Tungsten is mainly used in the manufacture of cemented carbides and ferro-tungsten. It forms heat- and wear-resistant alloys with elements such as chromium, molybdenum and cobalt, and is used in the production of cutting tools, surface-hardening materials, gas turbine blades and combustion tubes. Tungsten is also alloyed with tantalum, niobium and molybdenum to make refractory materials.
Tungsten-copper alloys and tungsten-silver alloys have electrical conductivity and durability and are used as electrical contact materials. In the field of electronics, tungsten wires, rods and plates are used to make light bulb filaments, electronic tube components and arc welding electrodes.
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