What is triethylene glycol?
Triethylene glycol also known as triethylene glycol, triethylene glycol, triethylene glycol diethylene glycol. Colorless, odorless, hygroscopic, viscous liquid. Miscible with water and ethanol, slightly soluble in ether.
Physical Properties of Triethylene Glycol (TEG)
Triethylene glycol is a colorless, odorless, hygroscopic, viscous liquid. Its specific physical properties include:
- Melting point: Approximately -7°C (may vary slightly depending on the source, such as -4.3°C or -7.2°C), indicating that it becomes liquid at relatively low temperatures.
- Boiling point: Approximately 289.4°C at standard atmospheric pressure (101.3 kPa), or decreasing to 134°C at lower pressures (0.267 kPa). This indicates that triethylene glycol has a high boiling point and requires relatively high temperatures to evaporate.
- Density: Approximately 1.1274 g/cm³ (or 1.1 ± 0.1 g/cm³), indicating that it is relatively heavy.
- Viscosity: Relatively high, specifically 49.0 mPa·s (20°C), which makes triethylene glycol somewhat resistant to flow.
- Surface tension: 45.2 mN/m (20°C), which is the macroscopic manifestation of intermolecular forces in the liquid surface layer.
- Flash point: Approximately 177°C in a closed-cup condition, and may be higher in an open-cup condition (e.g., 196°C or 165.6°C), an important indicator for assessing the flammability of liquids.
- Ignition point: Up to 412.8°C, indicating that triethylene glycol is not easily ignited.
Chemical Properties of Triethylene Glycol (TEG)
While its physical properties resemble those of water, its chemical behavior differs significantly. As an alcohol, TEG contains three hydroxyl groups (-OH), which serve as the main reactive centers. These hydroxyl groups are capable of forming hydrogen bonds similar to those in water. As a result, TEG is an excellent solvent and finds wide application across industries such as pharmaceuticals, chemicals, and food processing.
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