What is the chemical structure of dimethyl sulfoxide(cas no 67 68 5)?

Dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) is a sulfur-containing organic compound with the chemical structure C₂H₆OS. At room temperature, it exists as a colorless, odorless, transparent liquid and is a hygroscopic, flammable liquid. It possesses high polarity, a high boiling point, excellent thermal stability, non-protonic properties, and complete miscibility with water. Soluble in most organic solvents including ethanol, propanol, and benzene, it is often referred to as the "universal solvent."

dmso solvent properties

dmso chemical properties:

• Molecular formula: C₂H₆OS, molecular weight 78.13, boiling point 189°C, melting point -18.5°C.
• Mutually soluble with water, ethanol, acetone, and most organic solvents; insoluble in aliphatic hydrocarbons (e.g., petroleum ether).
• Weakly basic, stable with alkalis; may decompose upon heating with acids to produce byproducts like methyl mercaptan.

dmso physical properties:

• Density 1.1 g/cm³, flash point 85°C, hygroscopic (absorbs up to 70% moisture from air).
• Flammable, burns with a pale blue flame.

dmso dimethyl sulfoxide uses

Solvent Applications:

• As a non-protonic polar solvent, dmso dimethyl sulfoxide is widely used in organic synthesis, polymerization (e.g., acrylonitrile, polyurethane), and fiber dyeing.
• Dissolves transition metal halides for application in organic electrochemistry.

Pharmaceutical Applications:

• Enhances transdermal drug absorption in topical delivery systems.
• Serves as a permeability enhancer to reduce cellular ice crystal damage.
• Antioxidant: Scavenges free radicals to mitigate oxidative stress damage.

Agriculture and Industry:

• Pesticide synergist enhancing foliar fertilizer absorption rates.
• Electronic component cleaner capable of removing diverse organic and inorganic contaminants.

Electronics and New Materials:
Electronic-grade applications:
Semiconductor wafer cleaning agent, removing organic contaminants and metal ion residues;
Key process reagent for photoresist stripping and microelectronics manufacturing.

New Energy Materials:
Electrolyte additive for lithium-ion batteries/supercapacitors, enhancing electrochemical performance.

Advanced Material Processing:
Solvent for carbon fiber production;
Reaction medium for polymer synthesis and modification.

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