Dimethyl sulfoxide (CAS:67-68-5) Properties
Dimethyl Sulfoxide (DMSO) is a highly polar and water miscible organic liquid. It is essentially odorless, and has a low level of toxicity. DMSO is a dipolar aprotic solvent, and has a relatively high boiling point. Further below is a compilation of Physical Properties data, such as DMSO density and stability, for this useful solvent.
| Property | Description |
|---|---|
| Chemical Name | Dimethyl Sulfoxide |
| Abbreviation | DMSO |
| CAS Number | 67-68-5 |
| Molecular Formula | C₂H₆OS |
| Molecular Weight | 78.13 g/mol |
| Appearance | Colorless, transparent liquid |
| Odor | Slight sulfur-like odor |
| Melting Point | 18.5°C |
| Boiling Point | 189°C |
| Flash Point | 95°C (closed cup) |
| Density | 1.095 g/cm³ at 20°C |
| Solubility | Miscible with water, ethanol, acetone, chloroform |
| Refractive Index | 1.479 (20°C) |
| Purity (Industrial Grade) | 99.0% min |
| Purity (Pharma/High Purity) | 99.9% min |
| Stability | Stable under normal conditions |
| Hazard Classification | Low toxicity; irritant to skin & eyes |
What is dimethyl sulfoxide used for in the laboratory?
Dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) is primarily used in laboratories as a solvent, permeant, and reaction medium, finding extensive applications in chemical synthesis, cell culture, analytical chemistry, and other fields.
Solvent Function
- High polarity and solubility: DMSO dissolves numerous organic and inorganic compounds, including biomacromolecules (e.g., DNA, proteins), making it suitable for preparing high-concentration solutions.
- Chromatography: Serves as a stationary phase in gas chromatography or a solvent for UV spectroscopy.
Penetrant Function
- Drug Delivery: Enhances compound penetration through cell membranes, commonly used in drug permeability studies and genetic engineering.
- Cell Culture: Employed for cryopreserving cells or dissolving drug reagents.
Chemical Reaction Medium
- Organic Synthesis: Accelerates reactions like electrophilic substitution and ester exchange, improving yields.
- Polymerization Reactions: Serves as a solvent for acrylonitrile polymerization or in synthesizing materials like polyurethanes and polyimides. ‌
Other Applications
- Antioxidant and Anti-inflammatory: Reduces oxidative damage and inflammatory responses by inhibiting free radicals or regulating leukocyte migration.
- Pesticide Synthesis: Acts as a penetrant or reaction solvent to improve synthesis efficiency of herbicides and insecticides. ‌
dimethyl sulfoxide uses
Related Chemical Products from Gneebio
Bulk Industrial buyers often purchase DMSO CAS:67-68-5 together with other solvents and intermediates.
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